Fertility businesses help individuals and couples understand and address difficulties conceiving, or plan for future family-building. Services may include initial consultations, medical history reviews, fertility assessments and tests such as blood tests, semen analysis and ultrasound scans. Clinics can explain possible causes of infertility and discuss treatment options suited to a person's circumstances. Some providers also offer fertility advice and monitoring without carrying out treatment. Specialist clinics may provide treatments such as ovulation induction, intrauterine insemination (IUI) and in vitro fertilisation (IVF), including procedures involving donor eggs, sperm or embryos. Other services can include fertility preservation, such as egg, sperm or embryo freezing, and support for people considering treatment as solo parents or within same-sex couples. Counselling may be available to help with the emotional and practical aspects of treatment.