Secondary education providers teach young people after primary school, usually from around age 11 to 16, with some schools and colleges offering study through to age 18. They may be state-funded schools, academies, independent schools or specialist providers. Teaching is organised by subject and year group, with lessons, coursework and assessments designed to build knowledge, practical skills and readiness for further study or work. Students commonly study a broad curriculum including English, maths, science, humanities, languages, arts and physical education. At 16, many take GCSEs or equivalent qualifications; sixth forms and colleges may offer A levels, T Levels, vocational courses and other qualifications. Providers can also offer pastoral support, careers guidance, learning support for pupils with additional needs, extracurricular activities and preparation for university, apprenticeships or employment.